HTTPS Under the Hood

HTTPS is a secure way to share information on the internet. It encrypts data transfer between client and server.

But without common encryption key, how data is encrypted?

1 - Server Certificate Check - Client and server exchange “HELLO” messages - Server sends its certificate - Client verifies it with a Certificate Authority

2 - Key Exchange - Client extracts server’s public key, creates a session key - They agree on a cipher suite - Client encrypts session key using server’s public key - Server decrypts it

3 - Encrypted Tunnel for data transmission - Client and server both have a common key (session key) - They use it to encrypt and decrypt data during transmission

This creates a secure, encrypted tunnel for data transfer, protecting information from eavesdropping and tampering.